The greatest argument for "taxing the rich" in my experience is that it prevents the formation of an hereditary hierarchy.

In the US, there has been a steady campaign to get rid of the estate tax, and to allow rich people to pass on their wealth to their children. This leads, inevitably, to a sort of plutocracy, an oligarchy, or whatever you care to call it, where you end up having people like Hunter Biden and Donald Trump Jr. wielding inordinate power.

I had been taught that Americans wanted to do away with the sort of inherited wealth and station that defined the European societies. Mark Twain's "the Innocents Abroad" is an excellent book that cleverly conveys that sentiment.

Alas, it seems that America has now fallen into that trap of inherited wealth, and a totally and evilly distribution of wealth.